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§ Lesson 19 Sold out 票已售完
【New words and expressions】生词和短语 ★hurry v. 匆忙 in a hurry(n.) : 匆忙 If you are not in a hurry. 如果你不急(时间、动作上的) If you are not busy. 如果你不忙(行为上的) in no hurry(n.) : 不匆忙 I am in no hurry.我不急 hurry up(v.) : 快点 go to : 去 hurry to : 匆匆忙忙地去 He goes to school.=He hurries to school. come in : 进来 hurry in : 匆匆忙忙地进来 go out : 出去 hurry out : 匆匆忙忙地出去 ★ticket office 售票处 ★pity n. 令人遗憾的事 pity(n.) What a pity! 真遗憾! It is a pity. It is a pity to be grown up. (it做形式主语) It is a pity to steal a bicycle. I am sorry(a.). 我感到很遗憾. I am sorry to hear that.听到这个消息我很遗憾 注意 sorry 与 pity 词性上的区别 ★exclaim v. 大声说 shout : 大声喊＝cry,call out ★return v. 退回 return to : 回来 return to China/Beijing 回到中国/北京 return to you 退回你 return money : 还钱 ＝pay back,repay ★sadly adv. 悲哀地, 丧气地 涵盖了所有悲哀 【Text】 Lesson 19 Sold out 票已售完 First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题. When will the writer see the play? 'The play may begin at any moment,' I said. 'It may have begun already,' Susan answered. I hurried to the ticket office. 'May I have two tickets please?' I asked. 'I'm sorry, we've sold out,' the girl said. 'What a pity!' Susan exclaimed. Just then, a man hurried to the ticket office. 'Can I return these two tickets?' he asked. 'Certainly,' the girl said. I went back to the ticket office at once. 'Could I have those two tickets please?' I asked. 'Certainly,' the girl said, 'but they're for next Wednesday's performance. Do you still want them?' 'I might as well have them,' I said sadly. 参考译文 “剧马上就要开演了, “我说. “也许已经开演了呢, “苏珊回答说. 我匆匆赶到售票处, 问 : “我可以买两张票吗?” “对不起, 票已售完. “那位姑娘说. “真可惜!” 苏珊大声说. 正在这时, 一个男子匆匆奔向售票处. “我可以退掉这两张票吗?” 他问. “当然可以, “那姑娘说. 我马上又回到售票处. “我可以买那两张票吗?” 我问. “当然可以, 不过这两张票是下星期三的, 您是否还要呢?” “我还是买下的好, “我垂头丧气地说. 【课文讲解】 at any moment : 在任何时候, 随时 at the moment : ＝now at that moment : ＝just then 就在那时 I will help you at any time.我随时都会帮你 may+动词原形 “可能” may (must,can't) have done……对过去的推测 must,can't,may+动词原形, 表示对现在、未来的推测 must : 一定, 很可能 She must be a model. may : 有可能 She may be a model. can't : 不可能 She can't be a model. She must(may,can't) have been a model. I must have watched TV. I may have watched TV. I can't have watched TV. I hurried to the ticket office. 匆忙地 May I do...? 我可以吗?(用 “may” 表示 “我可以吗?” , 只能与第一人称相连) have 是最活跃的词, 可以指任何的意思. have coffee : 喝咖啡 have ticket : 买票 (习惯用法) I'll have/take sth. 我买...(一般不用 “buy” , 习惯用法) sell out : 卖完了 what a pity! 真令人遗憾! Can(May) I...? 我可以...吗? Can you...? 你可以...吗?(第二人称不能用 “may” 来表示 “你可以....吗?” , 只能用 “can you....?” ) Could I...? 我现在可以...吗?(在问句中更委婉的说法, 比can I 更礼貌些) they指tickets for next Wednesday's performance 用名词所有格来取代时间 : “...时间的” 用介词for, 起修饰作用 ticket for+事情 ticket to+地点 May I have a ticket to Tianjing? May I have a ticket for the sports meeting? May I have a ticket ? (英文中的问句, 常常起礼貌作用) May I have your name? 比 “What’s your name?” 更有礼貌些 still : 还……可以和任意时态连用 still, yet……都和完成时态连用(原先认为) want them [wCnWem] 注意连读 might as well,may as well+动词原形, “还是...好” (无可奈何) had better : “最好” +动词原形(积极心态) I might as well take the umbrella with me. 共有的概念 “推测” 十七课 : 对现在的推测 十九课 : 对现在和过去的推测 不在于must,may,can't是什么时态, 而在于后面加的是原形还是have done. 加原形是对现在的推测, 加have done对过去的推测. may : ⑴推测 “可能” ⑵ “可以” May I do sth.? 我可以做某事吗? ⑶ may,might(can,could) 对语气的强弱 I. 除了 “might” “could” 是 “may” “can” 的过去式的概念外 II. 在表达 “可以... 吗?” 时, 可以用 “might” “could” 替换 “may” “can” , 而区别在于语气上更委婉些 III. 在表示 “推测” 句型中, 并不用 “might” “could” 来表示对过去的推测, 只能是 “推测” 的可能性比 “may” “can” 更小些的意思, must->may->might->can’t(推测的可能性语气下降) may as well=might as well “还是...好” 上述所讲是对现在和未来的推测, 对过去的推测要用虚拟语气 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 2 The writer ______ . a.was very pleased to get tickets for next Wednesday's performance b.didn't buy tickets for next Wednesday's performance c.didn't want tickets for next Wednesday's performance d.wasn't too pleased to get tickets for next Wednesday's performance 2.(d) be pleased to do 对做什么事感到很开心 文中用了 “might as well” be pleased to. . 高兴 be too pleased to 太高兴 be not too pleased to too...to...太怎么样以至于没做(too old to learn太老而不能学) not too...to...太怎么样以至于还是做了(not too old to learn 不是太老还可以学) 3 The play may begin at any moment. It ______ . a.has begun b.won't begin for a long time c.hasn't begun yet d.began a long time ago 3.(c) may+动词原形; 对现在或未来动作的推测 a. has begun 已经完成, 说明已经做了 b. won’t begin for a long time 好久都不会开始 c. began a long time ago 过去做了 7 I might as well have them. I am ______ to have them. a.very pleased b.very glad c.not very glad d.delighted 7.(c) 9 ‘What a pity!’ Susan exclaimed. Susan was ______ . a.pleased b.glad c.sorry d.amused 9.(c) |
§ Lesson 20 One man in a boat 独坐孤舟
【New words and expressions】生词和短语 ★catch v. 抓到 catch fish,catch thief catch cold : 染上感冒 catch a bus : 赶车 catch one's breath : 摒住呼吸 catch sight of = see : 看见 catch fire : 着火 catch one's eyes : 吸引某人注意力 ★fisherman [5fIFEmEn] n. 钓鱼人, 渔民 ★boot n. 靴子 a pair of boots ★waste n. 浪费 You are wasting time. a waste of It is a waste of time/money/food. ★realize v. 意识到 I realized that I was wrong. 实现, realize one's dream 【Text】 Lesson 20 One man in a boat 独坐孤舟 First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题. Why is fishing the writer's favourite sport? Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything -- not even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 'You must give up fishing!' my friends say. 'It's a waste of time.' But they don't realize one important thing. I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all! 参考译文 钓鱼是我特别喜爱的一项运动. 我经常一钓数小时却一无所获, 但我从不为此烦恼. 有些垂钓者就是不走运, 他们往往鱼钓不到, 却钓上来些旧靴子和垃圾. 我的运气甚至还不及他们. 我什么东西也未钓到过 -- 就连旧靴子也没有. 我总是在河上呆上整整一上午, 然后空着袋子回家. “你可别再钓鱼了!” 我的朋友们说, “这是浪费时间. “然而他们没有认识到重要的一点, 我并不是真的对钓鱼有兴趣, 我感兴趣的只是独坐孤舟, 无所事事! 【课文讲解】 fish一般情况下作为不可数名词用 There are a lot of fishes(表示种类)in the sea. fish(v.) : 钓鱼, 捕鱼 主语通常由名词和代词充当, 以及动词+ing, 如eating,reading等等 for+时间……表示一段时间 for hours=for some hours without(prep.) 介词后面一定要加宾语, 介词后面的动词一定要加 “-ing” 动词+ing : 1.做主语; 2.做宾语 anything用在否定句中 without作为状语而出现, 表示结果状语 He went out without saying any words. Without asking for money,the boy went to school. without 后面的动作是主语来做的 (v.)worry sb. 作动词一定要加人作宾语, 翻译时从后往前翻 The house worried me. / My daughter worried me. (adj.)be worried about 主语为宾语而感到担心 I was never worried about this. = This does not worry me. instead of 后面的词一定是没有做的, 可以放在主句后面 without强调没有做某件事, instead of强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一件事 instead of:我原准备做……但是后来做了…… I went to school instead of staying at home.我没呆在家里而是去上学了 I bought books instead of buying dresses. less+原形 : A is less ... than B (译为不如) more beautiful / less beautiful spend+时间+在某地 : 在某地度过……时间 after(conj.)+从句, 从句主语必须是主句的主语才能换成下面一种形式 after(prep.)+名词/动词的ing形式 After I go to school,I learned a lot of knowledge. (用一般式表示一个事实, 不用 “went to” ) After going to school,I learned a lot of knowledge. With an empty bag [wiTAn5emptIbA^] 注意连读 with: 带着(状语) without; 没带 I always go home without angthing. 什么都没带回家 give up doing sth : 放弃做某事/stop doing give up smoking. be interested in 主语对什么感兴趣 在船上 in a boat not at all在否定句中起强调作用 【Key structures】 关键句型 细读下面的例句, 特别注意用斜体印出的以-ing结尾的词. a 动名词作主语 Eating is always a pleasure. 吃总是一件愉快的事情. Watching television is my favourite pastime. 看电视是我最喜爱的业馀爱好. Reading in bed is something I always enjoy. 我总喜欢躺在床上看书 b 动名词作宾语 I am very keen on cycling. 我非常喜欢骑自行车. She is afraid of staying in that house alone. 她害怕单独住在那间屋子里. He is capable of doing anything. 他能胜任任何事情. c Note how these sentences have been joined. 注意在以下例句中如何用动名词将两个短句连到一起. He sat there. He did not say anything. 他坐在那儿, 他什么话也不说. He sat there without saying anything. 他默默无语地坐在那里. He turned off the radio. He left the room. 他关掉了收音机, 他离开了房间. Before leaving the room, he turned off the radio. 离开房间之前, 他关掉了收音机. He looked at this watch. He hurried to the station. 他看了一下手表. 他匆忙赶到火车站. After looking at his watch, he hurried to the station. 他看了一下手表之后, 就匆忙赶往火车站. Or: After having looked at his watch, he hurried to the station. I must apologize. I interrupted you. 我得表示道歉. 我打断了你的说话(工作). I must apologize for interrupting you. 由于打断了你的说话(工作), 我得表示道歉. Or: I must apologize for having interrupted you. I must apologize. I did not let you know earlier. 我得表示道歉. 我没有早一点让你知道. I must apologize for not letting you know earlier. 由于没有早点让你知道, 我得表示道歉. Or: I must apologize for not having let you know earlier. He congratulated me. I won the competition. 他向我道贺. 我赢得了这次比赛. He congratulated me on winning the competition. 在我赢得这次比赛之际, 他向我祝贺. Or: He congratulated me on having won the competition. 动词+ing(非谓语动词)可以做主语和宾语 b. be keen on,be fond of,be interested in,enjoy+动词ing : 喜欢做某事 be afraid of be up to ,be capable of (capable [5keipEbl] adj.有能力的, 能干的, 有可能的, 可以...的) without, instead of c. I apologize. 我道歉 (apologize [E5pClEdVaiz] vi.道歉, 辩白) apologize for (not) doing sth. 为什么事情而道歉 thank you for listening/attending for interrupting you 只强调这件事 (doing) for having interrupted you 强调这个动作先做了, 强调时间 (having done) 以上两者为时间概念不同 not doing 没做某事 congratulate sb. on doing sth. (congratulate [kEn5^rAtjuleit] vt.祝贺, 庆贺, 恭喜) Exercises C(用括号中的词来连接下列句子, 如需要可对原句进行必要的改动) 1.He went out of the restaurant. (without) He did not pay the bill. 1.without without prep.+ doing He went out of the restaurant without paying the bill. 2.She bought a pair of boots. (instead of) She did not get a pair of shoes. 2.instead of She bought a pair of boots instead of getting a pair of shoes. ＝She bought a pair of boots instead of a pair of shoes. 3.She was afraid. (of) She did not spend the night alone. 3.of She was afraid of spending the night alone. 4.(After) She heard the news. She fainted. 4.after after+从句; after prep.+doing After hearing the news,she fainted. (faint [feint] n.昏晕, 昏倒 adj.虚落地, 衰弱的, 软弱的, 无力的, 微弱的, 暗淡的, 模糊的 vi.昏晕, 昏倒, 变得微弱, 变得没气力) 5.Think carefully. (before) Answer my question. 5.before Think carefully before answering my question. 在回答我的问题之前, 请仔细考虑. 6.(On) I saw the plane coming towards me. I dashed for cover 6.on as soon as : 一... 就... : as soon as I entered... the moment +从句 : the moment I had entered 以上两个主语不一定是同一个人 on (prep.)+doing 两个动作必须是同一个人(即主句主语) On seeing the plane coming towards me, I dashed for cover.(冲进掩护体[dAF] n.少量(搀加物), 冲撞, 破折号, 锐气, 精力, 干劲 vi.猛掷, 冲撞 vt.泼溅, 使猛撞, 搀和, 使破灭, 使沮丧, 匆忙完成) 【Special Difficulties】难点 细读以下例句 : a Interested and Interesting. Excited and Exciting. Fishing is not interesting. I am not really interested in fishing. (11. 7-8) 钓鱼没意思. 我对钓鱼并不真正感兴趣. The match was very exciting. The crowd got very excited. 比赛非常激动人心. 观众非常激动. b It's and Its. It's a waste of time. (11. 6-7) It's (= it is) cold today. It's raining too. 今天天气冷. 而且正在下雨. The cat drank its milk. 猫喝了它的牛奶. This engine has lost its power. 这台发动机已失去了动力. c Realize and Understand. They don't realize ... (1. 7) I realized he was mad. 我意识到他疯了. He didn't realize that he had made a mistake. 他没有意识到他犯了一个错误. I don't understand English. 我不懂英语. Exercises(选择正确的词填空) 1.I (realized) (understood) he was not telling me the truth. I realized...意识到 2.This poem is difficult. (It's) (Its) impossible for you to (understand) (realize) (its) (it's) meaning. ...It's impossible...to understand its meaning / for sb 逻辑主语 its形容词性物主代词 poem [5pEuim, 5pEuem] n.诗, 象诗一样, 美丽的东西 it's = it is; it作形式主语 3.There was some (excited) (exciting) news on the radio. 3....exciting news... excited 感动的 exciting 令人激动的 on the radio 在广播上 Eg. : I got news on the radio/on TV/on the telephone/on the line(在线). 4.He is not an (interesting) (interested) person. ....an interesting person interested 感兴趣的 interesting 有趣的 5.He is an explorer. He leads an (excited) (exciting) life. ...an exciting life explorer [iks5plC:rE, eks-] n.探险家, 探测者, 探测器 lead a life 过着...日子 lead a happy life Eg.; He leads a poor life. excited 感到激动的 exciting 令人激动的 如果 -ed,-ing 做形容词即作定语时, 和被修饰词有关, 如题中, 令人激动的生活而非生活感到激动 6.I am not (interesting) (interested) in other people's affairs. ....not interested in ... affairs. interested 感兴趣的 interesting 有趣的 be interested in 对……感兴趣 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 2 The writer enjoys ______ . a.catching fish b.fishing c.doing nothing d.swimming in the river 2. ...enjoys...C catching fish 抓鱼 fishing 钓鱼 doing nothing 什么都不做 swimming in the river 在河里游泳 enjoying doing sth / enjoy + n. I enjoy books. I enjoy reading books. 6 His bag is empty. He has ______ . a.a empty bag b.an empty bag c.empty bag d.one empty bag 6. ...He has...B an empty bag one empty bag an 指一个, 强调名词 one 一个, 强调 one,强调数量 I have a garden. I have one garden. 强调empty bag I sent a letter. I wrote one word. 7 I am only interested in doing nothing. That's ______ I'm interested in. a.only b.the one c.all d.the only 7. ...That's...C (that's/the) only 一般加名词 that+从句, 从句往往以特殊疑问词引导 that's why that's when that's all 那就是一切 (That’s all said.) That's all(I heard). That's all I can remember. the one 指东西, 不指事情 11 He always goes ______ with an empty bag. a.to home b.to house c.to the house d.home 11. ...D go home 习惯用法, 最佳答案 go to the house 语法正确 没有规则与语法相提并论时, 语法为大. 当语法与习惯用法相提并论时, 习惯用法为大. Where are you going?(更习惯这么说) Where are you going to? |
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§ Lesson 21 Mad or not? 是不是疯了
【New words and expressions】生词和短语 ★mad adj. 发疯 sb is mad. mad 常用于 “为...而疯狂” (着迷) ①be mad about I'm mad about English. crazy 为……而疯狂的 ②be crazy about ③go insane (insane [in5sein] adj.患精神病的, 精神病患者的, 极愚蠢的) ‘right here waiting for you’ 歌词中 I slowly go insane./go crazy/go mad/go ? go+adj. 变得... They are going bananas. =go crazy=go mad (变疯了)与 “go” 相连 ★reason n. 原因 as+句子 because+句子 for this reason 由于这个理由、原因 For this reason,I was late. ★sum [sQm] n.量 a great many + 可数名词复数 a large ... a great number of + 可数名词复数 plenty of 足够的 a sum of 一笔(加不可数名词) 注意连读 a large sum of 大量的 (large 指数量的大) a large sum of money ★determinedadj. 坚定的, 下决心的 determine [di5tE:min] v.下定决心 make up one's mind decide to do sth. decision : make a decision : make a decision to do sth. be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事 【Text】 Lesson 21 Mad or not? 是不是疯了? First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题. Why do people think the writer is mad? Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and passing planes can beheard night and day. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right. 参考译文 飞机正在逐渐把我逼疯. 我住在一个机场附近, 过往飞机日夜不绝于耳. 机场是许多年前建的, 但由于某种原因当时未能启用. 然而去年机场开始使用了. 有100多人肯定是被噪音逼得已经弃家远去, 我是少数留下来的人中的一个. 有时我觉得这房子就要被一架飞过的飞机撞倒. 他们曾向我提供一大笔钱让我搬走, 但我决定留在这儿. 大家都说我肯定是疯了, 也许他们说的是对的. 【课文讲解】 Mad or not? = mad or not mad(省略)? or not 在疑问词的后面, 表示是还不是, 选择概念 Why do people think the writer is mad? drive sb. mad 逼某人发疯 drive v. 驾驶, 开车 You are driving me mad. The teacher is slowly driving me mad. night and day 日日夜夜 ([naItAndei] 注意连读) passing planes 过往飞机; pass v.passing 作定语; 正在经过的(路过) sleeping baby 正在睡觉的小孩 waiting car 正在等待的车 be built years ago = many years ago for some reason 由于某个理由 some + 可数名词单数 : some 表示某一个 some+不可数名词 : 一些 some water some+可数名词复数 : 一些 some books some+可数名词单数 : 某一 some book however 用于句首, 句中, 用逗号隔开 come into use : into prep.; use n.投入使用; 主动概念, 没有被动式 be used 被动表示 被使用 use [ju:s] n. [ju:z] vt. 注意n 与vt 的读音不同 over a hundred ...一百多 must have done 过去发生, 推测 must have been done 被动 drive 逼 away from 从某地离开/away 离开某地 their homes 他们的家; house 房子/home 家 by the noise 被噪音 over a hundred people 主语 must have been done 谓语 away from 从某地离开; out of somewhere 从某地出来 one of ... 之一 left : leave 过去分词, 表示被留下来的 left作定语放在被修饰词的后面, 剩下的……东西 I have a bag left. There is ten cents left in my pocket. Cent [sent] n.(货币单位)分, 分币 will be done 被动语态的将来时态 knock down 撞到 offer [5RfE(r); C:fEr] : given, give sb. sth./give sth.to sb.双宾语 双宾语的被动语态 : 主语有两种可能; 以sb.做主语或以sth.做主语 被动语态的标志 be done 1、give sb. sth. 被动 sb. be given sth. 2、give sth. to sb. 被动 sth. be given to sb. 用离动词最近的宾语做主语 原文句型结构 sb. be offered sth. to不定式表示目的 go away :leave be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事 Everybody says... 从句 I must be mad they are probably right.他们也许是对的 probably adv.很可能 文章重点 1. 复杂句型结构 : over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. 2. 双宾语的被动语态 : I have been offered a large sum of money to go away.(表目的) 3. drive sb.; away from somewhere; drive sb. mad 4. passing plane; -ing作定语, 表示正在 【Special Difficulties】难点 drive v. 开车, 驾驶 (drove, driven, driving) drive to 开车去往某地 I drove to Tianjing yesterday drive sb. mad 逼疯 drive sb. away from 把某人赶走 drive sb. out of 把某人赶出去 drive sb. back 撵回去 home & house home 带有感情色彩的 house 就是房子 Exercise B 用 house(s) 或 home填空. 1 It was raining heavily and I was glad to get ______ . 2 The government plans to build thousands of ______ next year. 3 He is very rich. He owns a ______ in the country. 4 Most people like to spend their Christmas holidays at ______ . 1...get home 到家 ( home adv./house n. get to 表示到达) 2...of houses... 3...a house... 4...at home (at home 固定短语, 在家) 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 4 It couldn't be used then. It wasn't ______ to use it. a.able b.allowed c.impossible d.possible 4.it 形式主语 it+be动词+形容词+to do 翻译时先译 “to” 后面的句子 D正确 be able to强调主语能够做某事, 主语必须是人 it+be动词+表语, be allowed 不能充当表语. 如将 “it” 改为 “people(人)” 就A,B都正确 5 Over a hundred people must have been driven away. ______ they were. a.I think b.I'm sure c.Certain d.Of course 5.must have been done : 对过去的一种被动语态的推测 must have done : 对过去的一种推测 I'm sure 我肯定:I’m sure she is teacher. (sure [FuE] adj.对....有把握, 确信某事, 稳当的, 可靠的 adv.的确, 当然) I think 我认为 Of course 当然 / certain adj 词性不对, 句子前不应放形容词 9 I have been offered a large ______ of money. a.amount b.number c.some d.piece 9.a large sum of money a large number of : 不能加不可数名词 A正确 amount of an amount of+不可数 : 一大笔 plenty of : 前面是不加 “a/an” , 切记! 10 I am determined to stay here. I ______ stay here. a.am will to b.want to c.may d.am going to 10.be going to; 打算、计划 want to : 来自心里的一种想, 喜好 喜欢 I want to |
§ Lesson 22 A glass envelope 玻璃信封
【New words and expressions】生词和短语 ★dream v. 做梦, 梦想 have a dream dream a dream have a good dream sweet Have a good/sweat dream!祝你做个好梦! She is daydreaming.白日梦 daydream : 思想开小差 dream of doing something : 梦想 think of : 想、考虑 dream of : 梦想 I dreamed of flying in the sky. I dreamed of finding the gold. / I dream of be a good teacher. dream on 继续做梦, 痴心妄想(做你的梦去吧!别痴心妄想了!) dream boat : 梦中情人, 梦寐以求的(物, 人) Do you have dream boat ? 你有梦中情人吗? 另 : dream that +从句 ★age n. 年龄 teengager : 十几岁的人 adolenscent [9AdEJ`lesEns] n.青春期(一般指成年以前由13至15的发育期) ★channel n. 海峡 ★throw v. 扔, 抛 threw thrown throw away 扔掉 【Text】 Lesson 22 A glass envelope 玻璃信封 First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题. How did Jane receive a letter from a stranger? My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland. Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. She threw the bottle into the sea. She never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in Holland. Both girls write to each other regularly now. However, they have decided to use the post office. Letters will cost a little more, but they will certainly travel faster. 参考译文 我的女儿简从未想过会接到荷兰一位同龄姑娘的来信. 去年, 当我们横渡英吉利海峡时, 简把写有她姓名和住址的一张纸条装进了一只瓶子, 又将瓶子扔进了大海. 此后她就再没去想那只瓶子. 但10个月以后, 她收到了荷兰一位姑娘的来信. 现在这两位姑娘定期通信了. 然而她们还是决定利用邮局. 这样会稍微多花点钱, 但肯定是快得多了. 【课文讲解】 同位语 My daughter Jane of one's own age : He is boy of my own age. with 放在名词后面做定语 I have a bag with books in it.(“in it” 不能省略) with 放在句子后面做状语用 think of : 考虑 dream of : 梦想 write to : 给某人写信 write (a letter) to me each other : 相互－往往强调两者之间的相互 ([i:tF 5QTE] 注意连读) one another : 强调三或三者以上的相互 will cost will travel 一旦用cost,主语一定是物 something cost somebody more : 即可做形容词, 又可做代词 : give me more 再给我一点 文中的 “more” 为代词 = more money a little 可以修饰比较级 : 稍微 much more : 多得多 It's a little hotter. It's much hotter. It's expensive. That is more expensive. That is a little more expensive. That is much more expensive. But they will certainly travel faster. 也可 : but they will certainly travel much faster. much faster 快的多 【Key structures】 关键句型 Verbs followed by of, from, in and on 后面可跟of, from, in和on的动词 We can put of, from, in, or on after certain verbs: of, from, in, on可以用在某些动词的后面 : Jane never dreamed of receiving a letter…(11. 1-2) She never thought of it again. (11. 4-5) She received a letter from a girl in Holland. (11. 5-6) Use this list for reference: 以下搭配表可供参考 : a OF: accuse, approve, assure, beware, boast(or about), complain(or about), consist, convince(or about), cure, despair, dream(or about), expect(or from), hear(or from), be/get rid, smell, suspect, think(or about), tired., warn (or against). 后接of的动词 : 控告; 赞成; 让……放心; 谨防; 夸耀; 埋怨; 由……组成; 使信服; 治愈; 丧失……希望; 幻想; 期望; 听到……消息; 摆脱; 闻到; 对……猜疑; 思考; 对……感到厌烦; 警告……有危险. b FROM: borrow, defend(or against), demand(or of), differ, dismiss, draw(SD 64), emerge, escape, excuse(or for), hinder, prevent, prohibit, protect(or against), receive, separate, suffer. 后接from的动词 : 从……借; 保护……使免于; 向……要求; 有别于; 解雇; 从……中得出(参见第64课难点); 从……出现; 从……逃出; 允许不……; 阻止; 妨碍; 不准许; 向……提抗议; 接到; 把……分开; 受难. c IN: believe, delight, employ(ed), encourage, engaged., experienced., fail, help(or with), include, indulge, instruct, interest(ed), invest, involved., persist, share. 后接in的动词 : 信仰; 喜欢; 从事; 鼓励; 正做; 在……有经验; 没有尽到; 帮助; 包括; 沉醉; 教导; 对……感兴趣; 投资; 卷入; 坚持; 分享. d ON: act, based., call(SD 34), comment, concentrate, congratulate, consult(or about), count, decide, depend, economize, embark, experiment, insist, lean(or against), live, operate, perform(or in), pride(oneself), rely, vote(on a motion; for someone), write(or about). 后接on的动词 : 遵守; 在……基础上; 拜访(参见第34课难点); 评论; 集中于; 祝贺; 商量; 依赖; 决定; 依靠; 节约; 从事; 尝试; 坚持; 倚靠于……; 靠……为生; 起作用; 扮演; 为……感到自豪; 依靠; 对……表决(投……的票); 写……的事. Exercise 练习 Supply the missing words(of, from, in or on)without referring to the above lists as far as possible: 用of, from, in或on填空, 尽可能不核对以上搭配表 : 1 I withdrew a lot of money ______ the bank yesterday. 2 I refuse to comment ______ his work. 3 The waiter's tip is included ______ the bill. 4 He congratulated me ______ having got engaged. 5 This warm coat will protect you ______ the cold. 6 Did anything emerge ______ your discussion? 7 I dreamt ______ you last night. 8 You can never rely ______ him to be punctual. 9 Nothing will prevent him ______ succeeding. 10 Are you interested ______ music? 11 I suppose I can count ______ you for help ______ this matter? 12 Beware ______ the dog. 13 He persisted ______ asking questions. 14 I insist ______ your telling me the truth. 15 It took me a long time to get rid ______ him. 16 Do you mean to say you have never heard ______ Beethoven? 17 I separated them ______ each other because they were fighting. 18 They can only cure him ______ his illness if they operate ______ him. 19 You can depend ______ me. 20 I haven't accused him ______ anything, but I suspect him ______ having taken it. 21 Whatever made you think ______ such a thing? 22 We expect a great deal ______ you, Smith. 23 My hands smell ______ soap. 24 They differ ______ each other so much. 25 He invested a lot of money ______ shipping. 26 The film was based ______ a novel by Dickens. 27 Don't lean ______ that shelf! You'll regret it. 28 She often suffers ______ colds. 29 We have embarked ______ a new scheme. 30 I believe ______ taking my time. 31 Jones was dismissed ______ the firm. 32 They began by experimenting ______ rats. 33 Please concentrate ______ what you are doing. 34 She prides herself ______ her clean house. 35 The climber failed ______ his attempt to reach the summit. 36 Many people escaped ______ prisons during the last five years. 37 We must economize ______ fuel. 38 He's never done any work. He lives ______ his mother. 39 He was employed ______ a factory before he joined the army. 40 And what does this horrible drink consist ______ ? 41 I shall certainly act ______ your advice. 42 Don't write ______ the desk! 43 You should not boast ______ your success. 44 You must encourage him ______ his efforts. 45 He should be instructed ______ his duties. 46 Two or three people were involved ______ the accident. 47 Children should be prohibited ______ smoking. 48 I can assure you ______ my support. 49 Do you approve ______ hunting? 50 I despair ______ ever teaching him anything! 51 Has this play ever been performed ______ the stage? 52 I warned him ______ the danger, but he wouldn't listen to me. 53 How much have you borrowed ______ me already? 54 He delights ______ annoying me. 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 3 Jane never dreamed ______ a letter. a.to receive b.to receiving c.of receive d.that she would receive 3.dream of/dream that... (d) 8 We were travelling across the Channel. We went on a ______ across the Channel. a.sail b.travel c.trip d.run 8. go on a trip 进行旅行 (c) 9 Jane wrote her name and address on a ______ of paper. a.lump b.bar c.tube d.sheet 9.(d) a lump of paper : 一团纸 a tube of paper : 一桶(管)纸 a bar of : 一条, 一块 a piece of paper/a sheet of paper 一张纸 sheet ([Fi:t] n.(一)片, (一)张, 薄片, 被单, 被褥) 注意读音与 shit [Fit]的区别 10 Both girls often write to each other now. They write ______ . a.frequently b.occasionally c.sometimes d.now and again 10.(a) often = frequently occasionally(偶尔) = sometimes(有时) = now and again(时而, 不时) 7 The girls write ______ regularly now. a.to one another b.the one to the other c.each to other d.to other 7.(a) one another(三者) = each other(两者) 互相 They love each other. |
§ Lesson 23 A new house 新居
【New words and expressions】生词和短语 ★complete v. 完成 (喜欢与建筑工程连用) finish complete the building finish/complete homework finish/complete doing sth.某事做完了 I finish reading a book. complete(adj.) : 完全的, 完整的 《鲁迅全集》中的 “全集” 就用 “complete” ★modern adj. 新式的, 与以往不同的(真正会译为 : 现代的) 现代的 modern history/art : 现代史/ 现代艺术 modernization [7mCdEnai5zeiFEn] n.现代化 ★strange adj. 奇怪的, 陌生的(表示因为对一个东西不熟悉而觉得奇怪) stranger : 陌生人 (注意[5streindVE] 应读成[5sdreindVE]) strange : 奇怪的, 陌生的 be strange to sth. 引申为 : 对……不习惯, 对……陌生 ★district n. 地区 行政划分的区域, 城市内的, 如北京的海淀区 : Haidian District area 地段 region 地区地带 ([5ri:dVEn] n.区域, 地方, (世界上某个特定的)地区, (艺术,科学等的)领域, (大气, 海水等的)层) 【Text】 Lesson 23 A new house 新居 First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题. Why is the new house special? I had a letter from my sister yesterday. She lives in Nigeria. In her letter, she said that she would come to England next year. If she comes, she will get a surprise. We are now living in a beautiful new house in the country. Work on it had begun before my sister left. The house was completed five months ago. In my letter, I told her that she could stay with us. The house has many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. It is a very modern house, so it looks strange to some people. It must be the only modern house in the district. 参考译文 昨天我收到了姐姐的一封信, 她住在尼日利亚. 在信中她说她明年将到英国来. 如果她来了, 她会感到非常惊奇了. 我们现在住在乡间的一栋漂亮的新住宅里. 这栋房子在我姐姐离开之前就已动工了, 是在5个月以前竣工的. 我在信中告诉她, 她可以和我们住在一起. 这栋房子里有许多房间, 还有一个漂亮的花园. 它是一栋非常现代化的住宅, 因此在有些人看来很古怪. 它肯定是这个地区唯一的一栋现代化住宅. 【课文讲解】 get a surprise : 感到惊奇 to one's surprise shock : I get a shock. a beautiful new house 离一个名词最近的词跟该词的关系最密切, 冠词肯定是放在最前面的 spare old cloth Eg: a big red flag 大红旗 (flag [flA^] n.旗, 标记 v.标记) work后面要加名词的话一定要加on 【Special Difficulties】难点 Exercise(用it或there填空) 1 ______ is a pity that he could not come. 2 ______ is a bus that leaves in ten minutes. 3 ______ were some men digging up the road outside my house. 4 Look at those clouds. I think ______ will be a thunderstorm. 5 ______ is unusual for him to be late. 6 ______ has been very cold this year. 7 ______ has been no news of him. 8 I am sure ______ will be fine tomorrow. 9 After dinner ______ will be a long discussion on politics. 10 When will ______ be convenient for you to come? 1. It is a pity that... 2. there 3. there : There+be+sb.+doing+地点 : 某地有某人正在做某事(典型句型) digging up: 挖出, 找出 4. there : 在表示天气的时候, 后面如果是动词或形容词, 用it, 如果是名词, 用there be. It is raining(动词)/It is cold(形容词) There be +名词 : There is a rain. 那儿有一场雨 thunderstorm [5WQndEstC:m] n.雷暴, 大雷雨 5. it 形式主语 6. it 7. there 8. it 9. there on politics 关于政治 (politics [5pClitiks] n.政治, 政治学, 政纲, 政见) 10.it 要求背诵 : When will it be convenient for you? 什么时候对你来说最方便? |
§ Lesson 24 If could be worse 不幸中之万幸
【New words and expressions】生词和短语 ★manager n. 经理(用能力, 办事的) boss : 有钱 manager : 干事 head : 表示①重要, ②关系亲密的人物 ★upset adj. 不安(事发后) nervous : (事发前) ★sympathetic [7simpE5Wetik] adj. 表示同情的 ★complain v. 抱怨 complain of/about to sb.(对某人/向某人抱怨) I compianed of my salary to my boss. ★wicked adj. 很坏的, 邪恶的 可用 “evil” 替代 ★contain v. 包含, 内装(强调用容器装) container : 集装箱 contain : 用容器装 The cup contains water./ The bag contains books. include : ★honesty n. 诚实 honest(adj.) honestly(adv.) 【Text】 Lesson 24 It could be worse 不幸中之万幸 First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题. Had the writer's money been stolen? I entered the hotel manager's office and sat down. I had just lost $50 and I felt very upset. 'I left the money in my room,' I said, 'and it's not there now.' The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. 'Everyone's losing money these days,' he said. He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. It contained $50. 'I found this outside this gentleman's room,' she said. 'Well,' I said to the manager, 'there is still some honesty in this world!' 参考译文 我走进饭店经理的办公室, 坐了下来. 我刚刚丢了50英镑, 感到非常烦恼. “我把钱放在房间里, “我说, “可现在没有了. “经理深表同情, 但却无能为力. “现在大家都在丢钱, “他说. 他开始抱怨起这个邪恶的世道来, 却被一阵敲门声打断了. 一个姑娘走了进来, 把一个信封放在了他桌上. 它里面装着50英镑. “这是我在这位先生的房门外捡到的, “她说. “是啊, “我对那位经理说, “这世界上还是有诚实可言的!” 【课文讲解】 The hotel manger’s office telephone number 电话号码, 名词可以修饰名词 the village fair : 乡村集市 (the fair of the village/the fair in the village) feel+(adj.) : upset 不安(事发后); nervous : (事发前, 过程中) not any=no I could do nothing to help you. 我没有办法帮你, 我无能为力 I could do nothing for you. Can you help me? Sorry,I could do nothing for you. Certainly. Of couse. It’s my pleasure. 用进行时态取代一般现在时, 在英文是一种修辞方法, 表示不满, 一种感情. start to do/start doing : 两者无区别 a knock at the door (敲门声) / knock at the door (敲门, 指动作) A girl came in and put an envelope on the desk. A girl came in with an envelope and put it on the desk. outside(prep.)(adv.) 文中为介词 gentleman [5dVentlmEn] n.阁下, 先生, 有身分的人, 绅士,男厕所, 男盥洗室 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 4 He could do nothing. He couldn't do ______ . a.something b.nothing c.anything d.everything 4...c... I can do nothing for you. nothing=not any thing; not any=no something,肯定句 nothing和not不可能同时并存 everything 6 Where did she find the money? ______ the room. a.Outside b.Out of c.Out d.Without 6. outside adv&prep. He is outside./He is outside the school. out of : 从...到外面去, 一定要和有实在意义的动词连用, get/go/come out of out : 在...外面, adv 不会加名词 10 He lost his money. His money was ______ . a.losing b.missing c.going away d.disappearing 10. lose : 丢失; sb lose sth 人丢失东西 miss : 怀念, 错过, 丢失(missing adj.) My keys are lost/missing. I lose my book/My book was lost/is missing./be missed. 人丢了只能用missing : My child is missing. missing boy 失踪的孩子 go away 离开(人走), something was gone go : 走 be gone:不见了, 《Gone with wind》 : 《飘》(随风而逝), My book is gone.我的书不见了 disappear:不见了(瞬间), 不及物动词, 没有被动语态, 也很少用进行时态 be disappearing 慢慢的不见了 His money disppeared. lose sth./sth. be lost sth is missing sth is gone. sth/sb. disappear/disappeared : “dispear” 是不及物动词, 无被动语态. Unit 2 【Key structures】 关键句型 word order in compound statements 并列句的语序 a Do you remember the six parts of a simple statement? b We can join simple statements together to make compound statements and but : 但是 so : 因此 yet : 然而, adv. Have you finished yet? (“yet” 原来的理解 : 放在句末或句中, 与否定句, 疑问句相连, 并且与现在完成时用得比较多) yet=but 放在两个句子间, 起转折作用 or:或者, 否则, Hurry up ,you will be late/Hurry up,or you will be late. both...and...不但...而且 either...or...要么...要么... ,either you or I neither...nor..., neither you nor I not only...but...as well : 不但...而且...(“as well” 可省略) not only...but also... |
§ Lesson 25 Do the English speak English? 英国人讲的是英语吗?
【New words and expressions】生词和短语 ★railway n. 铁路 railroad : 铁路 railway/railroad station : 火车站 ★porter n. 搬运工 ★several 几个 some:一些, 即可以修饰可数, 又可以修饰不可数 several:只能修饰可数＝a number of(一些) a great number of : 大量的 some time:一段时间 some time age 一段时间以前 sometime: 某时 : I will defeat you sometime. (总有一天我将打败你) sometimes:有时, 偶尔 some times : (不存在这种说法) several times : 许多次 ★foreigner n. 外国人 ★wonder v. 感到奇怪 wonder n. 奇观 : It's a wonder./seven wonders(七大奇观) wonderful adj 极好的 wonder ①wonder at sth.对...事情感奇怪: I wonder at this. ② want to know 想要知道: I wonder 间接引语的疑问句 : 一般疑问句用if/whether引导, 特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词引导 wonder+if : 是否: I wonder if you have any spare time. wonder+特殊疑问词: I wonder what time it is. 所有的从句都用陈述句的句序, 陈述句句序 : 主语在动词前面 I wonder why you are late. I wonder where you are going. I wondered where you were going. Could you tell me how to get to? I wondered how to get there. no wonder : 难怪 wonder n. : 奇观 wonderful : 极好的 wonder v.感到奇怪, wonder at wonder : want to know : 想知道 I wonder if you have friend. I wonder how many friends you have. 【Text】 Lesson 25 Do the English speak English? 英国人讲的是英语吗? First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题. Why does the writer not understand the porter? I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me. I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. he answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. 'I am a foreigner,' I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. 'You'll soon learn English!' he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I don't understand them! Do they speak English? 参考译文 我终于到了伦敦. 火车站很大, 又黑又暗. 我不知道去饭店的路该怎么走, 于是向一个搬运工打听. 我的英语讲得不但非常认真, 而且咬字也非常清楚. 然而搬运工却不明白我的话. 我把问话重复了很多遍. 他终于听懂了. 他回答了, 但他讲得既不慢也不清楚. “我是个外国人, “我说. 于是他说得慢了, 可我还是听不懂. 我的老师从来不那样讲英语!我和搬运工相视一笑. 接着, 他说了点什么, 这回我听懂了. “您会很快学会英语的!” 他说. 我感到奇怪. 在英国, 人们各自说着一种不同的语言. 英国人之间相互听得懂, 可我却不懂他们的话!他们说的是英语吗? 【课文讲解】 arrive in : 到达, reach,get When will you arrive? arrive vi.不及物动词 reach vt.后面一定要加宾语 arrive at : 小地点, arrive in; 大地点 When will you reach(arrive in) BeiJing? get to+宾语 : 到达 When will you get to BeiJing? How can I get there? get home:到家, get there : 到那 home/there都是副词, 副词跟动词连用的时候不需要加介词, “arrive” 也一样, 但一般不用“reach home/there” , 如一定要这样写则把 “home” 看作名词, “there” 当代词看, 不作副词看 I arrived at last.我终于到了 并列的表达方式中前面都是用逗号隔开, 最后两个用and连接 balck : 颜色(建筑物).The room is black. dark : without light.没有光线 : It is dark. the way to : 通往...路 Can you tell me the way to... I don't know the way to...Can you tell me how to get there? I don't know the way to the school and where is it? I know the way. know sth. well:很熟悉 I know the boy well. so : 连词, 把并列句连到一起 如果有两个谓语动词, 加连词, 成为并列 not only...but...as well : 不但...而且... 并列连词, 什么东西并列连接什么 I can speak Chinese. I can speak English. I can speak not only Chinese but English as well. I not only sing but dance as well. Not only you but also I will go there.主语并列(一般不这么用) not only,喜欢放在动词的前面 一般遇到实义动词和非实义动词的时候, 习惯放在两者之间 I can not only speak Chinese but English as well.(更习惯的说法) I not only like my mother but my father as well. however,可以直接放在句首, 也可以放在句子中间 several times 不用some times neither...nor... 即不...也不... I speak neither Janpanese nor English. like that: 作状语, 象那样 each other : 互相 soon,强调时间上的快 I wonder : 感到奇怪 each(every) person : 每个人 speak English not only very carefully but very clearly. To learn English well is to study hard. 但在口语中 : To learn English well is study hard. (没to) 提高口语和听力的方式 : 1. 在读书的时候不能very clearly,注意读音规则 2. carefully随遇而安, 以understand为准, 学会重复 3. 多听多说 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 5 He didn't speak slowly and he didn't speak clearly ______ . a.neither b.either c.too d.nor 5. ... b not和neither不会连用 一句话中不允许出现两个否定句 too是跟肯定句连的、either是跟否定句连的 8 I repeated my question several times. I repeated it ______ times. a.much b.a number of c.only a few d.three 8. ...b several = some = a number of much后面不加可数名词 没有only a few这个短语 quite a few 相当多的 9 At last he understood. He understood ______ . a.in the end b.at least c.lastly d.at the finish 9. ...a at last 最后、最终 in the end lastly 最新的、最近的一段时间 at least至少 【Key structures】 关键句型 Exercises C join these sentences with the words in brackets 用括号中的斜体字连接以下句子 : 1 I knocked at the door. He did not **** it. (but) 2 He went on holiday. I went on holiday. (Both...and) 3 He must be mad. He must be very wise. (either...or) 1.I knocked at the door,but he did not **** it. 一定要加 “but” , 一句话只能有一个主语和谓语, 要有两个就必须要有连词 2.go on holiday去度假 Both he and I went on holiday. 3.He must be either mad or very wise. wise [waiz] adj.英明的, 明智的, 慎虑的, 聪明的, 博学的, 明白的, 贤明的, 狡猾的 vi.知道 vt.告诉, 劝导 n.方法, 方式 【Composition】作文 用括号中的词连接下列句子 : 1 My sister went shopping. I went shopping. (Both...and) 2 We got very tired. We got very hungry. (not only...but...as well) 3 It was three o'clock. We could not get lunch. We had a cup of tea. (and...so) 1.Both my sister and I went shopping. go shoping 购物 2.We not only got very tired, but very hungry as well. 3.It was three o'clock and we couldn't get lunch,so we had a cup of tea. It was......that 强调结构, 这句话是强调时间 【语法精粹】P5 1.They _______ the trip until the rain stopped. A. continued B. didn't continue √ C. hadn't continued D. would continue until是前面和后面用一般过去是和过去完成时都对 但是我们在一般情况下两个都用一般过去时 2.The local peasants gave the solders clothes and food without which they __A___ of hunger and cold.(without 在这里表示条件, 你知道吗?) A. would die B. will die C. would be dead D. would have died 这是关于虚拟语气的题 3.It was not until then that I came to know that the earth ____around the sun. A. moved B. has moved C. will move D. moves.√ 只要是真理都用一般现在时 It was that 是强调结构, 首先将 “It was...that” 去掉, 再将 “not” 移到 “that” 后面的句子中. 分析句子时后半句改为 : I didn't come to know that the earth around the sun until then. until then 是在那个时候之前 His father did not leave until he returned home. 变成强调句形式 : It was not until he returned home that his father left. I don't get up until lunch time. 变成强调句形式 : It is not until lunch time that I get up. 4. When all those present(到场者)____he begin his lecture. (重点题) A. sit B. set C. seated D. were seated √ seat 做动词的时候两种情况 1.seat sb 2. somebody be seated somebody sit down sit vi. seat vt. 5.If I had had time, I would have written to you. But in fact I___not. A. have B.would have C. had D. had had 这是虚拟语气题 √ not only...but...as well 不但...而且... 并列句的连词 neither...nor... 既不...也不... either ...or... 或者...或者... both...and... 两者都 Ⅱ 复数主语 : 1.当主语由and或both...and连接, 通常采用复数谓语动词. Both the girl and the boy are his friends. Both you and I are good students. Ⅲ 单, 复数的灵活运用 : 1.当主语由 neither...nor,either...or,not only...but also 或or 连接时, 谓语动词与nor,or,but also后面的词一致, 在英语语法中, 这被称之为 “就近原则” 离动词最近的名词是单数, 整个主语就视为单数 离动词最近的名词是复数, 整个主语就视为复数 Neither you nor I am a good student. Neither he nor I am going to the airport. Both he and I are going to the airport. Not only Mary but also her parents have jgone abroad. 【Key structures】 关键句型 He finished lunch and went into the garden. and 连接的是两个谓语动词 however 用在句号的后面, 单独成句, 于前边的句子只有意思上的承接, 没有语法上的承接, 语法上的承接表转折只能用 but Both he and I teach English. He teaches both English and French. Either you or I must tell him. Neither he nor I speak English. Not only wash the dishes but sweep the floor as well. 【Letter Writing】书信写作 St.是 Steet的缩略 逗号在地址里表示前者属于后者 grade one一年级 class one一班 I am in class 1,Grade 1. 在日期里, 月和日之间不需要逗号, 但在年代之前要有逗号 日期是以序数词出现的 月份一定要是英语字母 February the fourth the fourth of February Haidian District,(海淀区) BeiJing, China.(最后一个地点要打上句号) 【Summary Writing】摘要写作 1. You can write the answer in three whole sentences. 第二单元重点就是把句子用连词连成并列的部分 I arrived at the railway station in London,and I asked the porter the way to my hotel, but He didn't understand me. |
§ Lesson 26 The best art critics 最佳艺术评论家
【New words and expressions】生词和短语 两个同样的音连在一起时, 前面的音声去不读. 如 : upside down. ★art n. 艺术 art student 艺术系的学生 English student 学英语的学生 student of England : 英国学生 artist [5B:tist] 艺术家 artiste [B:5tist]艺人注意读音的不同 art gallery 艺术画廊 (gallery [5^AlErI] n.长廊, 游廊; 画廊) black art 巫术 ([blAkB:t] 注意连读) ★critic n. 评论家 criticise v. 批评, 批判(主要指批判, 但不完全是责备的意思) criticism [5kritisiz(E)m] n.批评, 批判 critical adj. 挑剔的 critically adv. 爱挑剔的 He criticised my painting. You are critical. ★paint v. 画 draw a picture 用线条画 paint a picture 强调油画 painting oil painting 油画 Chinese painting 中国国画 Beijing opera 国戏, 京剧 ★pretend v. 假装 pretend to do something When his mother came in,the baby pretended to go to sleep. pretend that... ★pattern n. 图案 pattern drills pattern 模式, 典范 ★curtain n. 窗帘, 幕布 ★material n. 材料 listening material 听力材料 ★appreciate v. 鉴赏＝ understand and enjoy enjoy 欣赏 enjoy the music I like poems. I love... I enjoy...得到乐趣 I appreciate... 程度一个比一个深 appreciate something appreciate doing sth 我很喜欢做某事 I appreciate your help. 我很感激你的帮助 ★notice v. 注意到 pay attention to 思想上的注意 notice : 细节上的注意, 往往是别人没注意的东西, 你注意到了, 细节上的东西 I notice the boy. I notice the beauty spot.(美人痣) ★whether conj. 是否 If 在表示 “是否” 的时候可以被whether所取代 If在表示 “如果” 的时候不可以用whether取代 If it will rain...(不是条件状语从句, 故可以用将来时will) Whether it will rain... Whether it will rain or not...(可以加 “not” ) I wondered if it will rain.(不加 “not” ) Whether he is mad or not. / whether his mad. ★hang v. 悬挂, 吊 hang hanged hanged 绞死, 吊死 hang hung hung 悬挂 The thief was hanged. The coat was hung. ★critically adv. 批评地 ★upside down 上下颠倒地 两个同样的发音连在一起时, 前边的音省去不读 【Text】 Lesson 26 The best art critics 最佳艺术评论家 First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题. Who is the student's best critic? I am an art student and I paint a lot of pictures. Many people pretend that they understand modern art. They always tell you what a picture is 'about'. Of course, many pictures are not 'about' anything. They are just pretty patterns. We like them in the same way that we like pretty curtain material. I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else. They notice more. My sister is only seven, but she always tells me whether my pictures are good or not. She came into my room yesterday. 'What are you doing?' she asked. 'I'm hanging this picture on the wall,' I answered. 'It's a new one. Do you like it?' She looked at it critically for a moment. 'It's all right,' she said, 'but isn't it upside down?' I looked at it again. She was right! It was! 参考译文 我是个学艺术的学生, 画了很多画. 有很多人装成很懂现代艺术的样子, 总是告诉你一幅画的 “意思” 是什么. 当然, 有很多画是什么 “意思” 也没有的. 它们就是些好看的图案, 我们喜爱它们就像我们喜欢漂亮的窗帘布一样. 我觉得小孩子们往往比任何人都更能欣赏现代绘画, 他们观察到的东西更多. 我的妹妹只有7岁, 但她总能说出我的画是好还是坏. 昨天她到我房里来了. 【课文讲解】 I am an art student [aiiAmAnB:t] 注意连读, 增加了[i]的音 They always tell you what a picture is about. tell you 后是what 引导的宾语从句 just 仅仅, 表强调 We like them... them 指 pictures pretty curtain material 漂亮的窗帘布 In the same way that In a way 以某种方式 The son walked in the same way that his father walked. I love you in the same way that I love my father. I love you just in the same way that I love money. make an appointment ([E5pCintEmEnt] n) change an appointment When will it be conveniet for you? I like something. I like something very much. I like something better. I like something best. I like water best. I like water better. I like water very much. else ①跟在anyone,anything 等不定代词的后面②疑问代词如 who else,what else They can appreciate modern arts best. better than anyone else 比其他任何人(表示最高级的含义) The teacher is the tallest. The teacher is taller than anyone else. (“else” 不能少, 把主语从 “anyone” 中排除, 比中文更严密) The book is more expensive than anything else. They notice more. Whether ...or not= if The windows in the wall /picture on the wall 注意介词的不同 Isn’t it upside down? ＝It’s upside down. 是否定疑问句, 没有否定的意思, 起强调作用, 表达一种情绪 It isn't a fine day. It is bad weather. Is it bad weather? Isn't it bad weather? 作用Aren't you lucky? 你真幸运 否定疑问句起肯定 Isn't it a boy? 【Composition】作文 Rewrite these sentences using the correct verbs and joining words: 改写以下句子, 选用正确的动词和连词 : I (looked at) (watched) the picture (but) (and) I could not (understand) (realize) it. It was in black and white and was (called) (named)‘Trees and snow’. I could see (neither) (not only) trees (or) (nor) snow. I looked at the picture. 不用watch是因为它不是移动的 call是称之为; name是给它取一个名字 It was in black and white. 黑白色 【Letter writing】书信写作 信头上是没有名字的 门牌号码应该放在最前边 【Key structures】关键句型 appear的反义词disappear resemble相似, 类似 和人的情绪相连, 跟人的状态相连, 跟人的思维活动相连的动词都不用进行时态. Appear,appreciate,believe,feel,forget,hear,like,look,like,notice,remember,resemble,see, think(that), understand 等等 【Speech marks】引号 引号在英文当中第一次出现是单引号, 第二次出现是双引号, 英文当中的书名号用 引号来替代 注意事项 : a The speech marks are above the line. They go outside all other marks like commas(, ) full stops(. )and question marks (?). 引号位于一行之上, 它们应在句尾其他标点符号—如逗号、句号、问号—之外. b The speaker's first word begins with a capital letter. 引语的第一个词以大写字母开头. c Words like‘said’ and‘asked’ are followed by a comma. We put a full stop after them only when they come at the end of a sentence. 在said, asked等词后面用逗号, 只有当它们位于句尾时, 才在它们的后面用句号. d When words like‘said’or‘asked’interrupt the speaker, the second half of the sentence begins with a small letter. 当said, asked等词置于引语之间时, 句子的后半部分以小写字母开始. e We begin a new paragraph each time a new speaker is introduced. 当一个新的说话人开始讲话时, 要另起一个段落. 【Summary writing】摘要写作 5. Do young children appreciate modern paintings better than others or not? Do they notice more or not?(not only...but) Young children appreciate modern paintings better than others. They notice more. not only ...but ...as well. as well 放在句子结尾, 且可以省略 Young children是共同的部分 Young children not only appreciate modern paintings better than others, but notice more. not only...but... 连接的是两组谓语动词 7. Had he hung it upside down, or had he hung it the right way up? Did she notice this immediately or not?(and) or 否则, 或者 upside down 与the right way up 意思相反 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 4 What is it about? Tell me ______ . a.what is it about b.what it is about c.what about it is d.what about is it 考特殊疑问句的间接引语是什么 陈述句的间接引语以that引导 What time is it? How old are you? 变成以 He asked me . 形式 He asked me what time it was. He asked me how old I was. 疑问句的直接引语变间接引语要注意 ⑴ 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导 ⑵ 时态. 主句的谓语动词是过去时时, 其从句的谓语动词应为相对应的时态. ⑶ 疑问句变成间接引语时, 要变成陈述句语序. 陈述句语序 : 主语在动词前边. ⑷ 人称的变化 Is it nine o'clock? /He asked me. if/whether 是否 He asked me if/whether it was nine o'clock. tell me 要求间接引语 Tell me what it is about. 注意使用陈述句语序. What about 中about 是介词, 后接名词或动词的ing形式, 不接句子 What about it? Tell me后要求陈述句语序 5 She tells me ______ my pictures are good or not. a.weather b.that c.if d.unless 5.没有一个答案是对的 主句为一般现在时, 从句可以为任意形式 or not是否, that表示肯定 直接引语变间接引语的连接词有３种 : ⑴陈述句中的that; ⑵一般疑问句中的if/whether; ⑶特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问词 if不可以与or not 连用 unless conj 除外, 如果不(不能用于间接引语连接) You will fail unless you work harder.你如果不更加努力工作, 你将失败. 6 Do you like my picture? It's ______ . a.a new b.one new c.new one d.a new one 6.D A 缺名词 B 缺名词或位置错误 C 缺冠词 one 可以作代词, 还可以作数词 10 Young children often appreciate modern pictures. They ______ them. a.estimate b.esteem c.value d.understand and enjoy 根据句子意思, 选D. 9 This curtain material is very good ______ . a.clothes b.cloth c.substance d.matter 9. B clothes 衣服读音省略[W] 的音 cloth 布 11 They notice more. They ______ more. a.remark b.observe c.say d.take care 11. 在此句中, notice=observe 12 It's upside down. It isn't ______ . up b.down c.the right way down d.the right way up 12. D not the right way down = the right way up |
支持丫~~ |
§ Lesson 27 A wet night 雨夜
【New words and expressions】生词和短语 ★tent n. 帐篷 ★field n. 田地, 田野 airfield 飞机场(介词用on) in the field 在田野里 in one's field 在...领域 He is an expert in his field. (expert [5eksp\:t]) football field 足球场地 ★smell v. (smelled or smelt) 闻起来 smell 作半联系动词, 接表语, 接形容词 The food smelt good. (不能说成 “smell well” , “well” 是副词, 身体好才用 “well” ) 感官动词 You look fine. You look better. You look beautiful. taste [teist] 尝起来 The food smelt good,and it tasted better. sound 听起来 look taste sound smell feel feel; ⑴感到 I feel ill. (心理感到) ⑵用手的感受, The blackbroad felt cold. ★wonderful adj. 极好的 口语中用得更多的是 : Great ! (与物相连) Excellent ! (与人相连) [5eksElEnt] adj.卓越的, 极好的 She is an excellent teacher. Outstanding !(人) 好得站了出来 Brilliant! ([5briljEnt] adj.灿烂的, 闪耀的, 有才气的) Fantastic! ★campfire n. 营火, 篝火 fire 可数也不可数 (一堆堆的火—可数, 炉子里的火—不可数) ★creep v. (crept;crept) 爬行 (蹑手蹑脚的) 也是平行的爬 climb the tree. climb up or down (上下爬) crawl : The baby is crawling on the floor.(平行地爬) creep out 蹑手蹑脚(别人不注意, 偷偷摸摸的) climb / crawl / creep ★sleeping bag 睡袋 passing plane 正在路过的飞机 动词加ing 变成形容词作定语有二个意思 : ⑴正在... : sleeping dog ⑵用来做... : sleeping bag listening material walking stick 拐杖 ★comfortable adj. 舒适的, 安逸的 ★soundly adv. 香甜地 sleep soundly 睡得很甜 go to bed 上床/go to sleep 睡觉/fall asleep坠入梦乡/sleep well睡得很好/sleep deeply 睡得很沉 fall 为半联系动词 fast : fall fast asleep 睡得好香 “fast asleep” 熟睡 ★leap v. 跳跃, 跳起 jump : jump up and down原地跳跃 leap : 跳跃, 有距离(如从沟的这边跳到另一边, 位置变化) skip : 课文行的跳过去, 单词, 文章 : Let us skip it? Look before you leap.三思而后行 leap year/month 闰年/月 ★heavily adv. 大量地 rain/snow heavily 一般与雨雪连用 smoke heavily 烟瘾重 He smokes heavily. ★stream n. 小溪 ★form v. 形成 ★wind [waind] v. 蜿蜒 (wound;wound) wind one's way 蜿蜒而行 The road winds its way. 注意与名词wind[wInd](风)的读音不同. ★right adv. 正好 强调作用 right 做副词时强调后边的形容词, 副词, 介词短语, 不强调动词 可用just来替换 just like 正好/just as 正如 后边加代词时只能用just. 如 : just you 就是你了. 不能用 “right” 代替 Right here.就在这儿 “Right here waiting for you” : 《在此等候》―歌名 I found my lost watch right in the graden.我就在花园里找到了我丢失的手表 【Text】 Lesson 27 A wet night 雨夜 First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题. What happened to the boys in the night? Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an **** fire. They were all hungry and the food smelled good. After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire. But some time later it began to rain. The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent. Their sleeping bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting. The tent was full of water! They all leapt out of their sleeping bags and hurried outside. It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field. The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent! 参考译文 傍晚时分, 孩子们在田野中央搭起了帐篷. 这件事刚刚做完, 他们就在篝火上烧起了饭. 他们全都饿了, 饭菜散发出阵阵香味. 他们美美地吃了一顿饭后, 就围在营火旁讲起了故事, 唱起了歌. 但过了一阵子. 天下起雨来, 于是他们扑灭了篝火, 钻进了帐篷. 睡袋既暖和又舒服, 所以, 他们都睡得很香. 午夜前后, 有两个孩子醒了, 大声叫了起来. 原来帐篷里到处都是水!他们全都跳出睡袋, 跑到外面. 雨下得很大, 他们发现地上已经形成了一条小溪. 那小溪弯弯曲曲穿过田野, 然后正好从他们的帐篷底下流过去. 【课文讲解】 注意句型 : 在...之后 wet 发义词是 dry 汉语与英文只有意义的对等, 没有字的对等 wet.... 湿淋淋的 My idea is the same as yours.我的想法与你一样的 I agree with you.(口语) I think so.(口语) You are wet. 英文中表示 “湿” 的词 : wet/damp不舒服/moist (湿的程度减少) moist : 稍湿(给人感觉舒服, 如湿润) : moist cake 松软的蛋糕 (moist [mCist] adj.潮湿的 n.潮湿) damp : 让人感觉不太舒服 dreamy eyes:梦幻般的眼睛 moist eyes 水灵灵的眼睛 humid 指气候比较潮湿 a rainy night...多雨的夜晚 (My idea is the same as yours./I’m agree with you./I think so.) late in the afternoon.傍晚 early in the morning 清早 put up 搭建/强调搭如搭个草棚等 build 建/强调精心设计并且建造 make a desk build a car (一般不用 “make a car” ) in the middle of 在...中间 (相对两边) in the center of 在...中心 (相对四面)腹地 in the middle of the river 河中心 midnight 午夜 the mid-autumn day 中秋节 在陆地的腹地用 “center” as soon as 一...就... /当... **** fire 在野外生的火, 篝火 over 垂直的上面 cook a meal 做一顿饭 表示 “在...之后” 的句式 after+从句/doing with a bag 带着包 in sweater 穿着毛衣 (sweater [5swetE] n.厚运动衫, 毛线衫) After I arrived => After my arrival When the plane arrived => after the arrival of the plane (P37 summary writing) After his arrival, we have a party. After the arrival of the flowers,I took them and went to my girlfriend's tell story 讲故事 by 在...旁边 near/beside/at/by ① at the door 门边, (紧挨着的) sit at the table 桌边 ② by the river 河边 (不会紧挨着的, 但也不会很远) ③ next to He sits next to me./who is the next? 表示紧邻着的 ④ beside = next to the next door to my house ⑤ near 在附近 beside/next to 与...相邻 at the door 紧挨着 near the village next to /beside the village at the table by the river next door 在隔壁 some time later 一段时间之后 some time ago 一段时间以前 a few hours earlier j几小时前 some time earlier. put out 人为的熄灭火 be out 火自动熄灭 I put out the fire. The fire is out. crept into in the middle of the night=midnight at midnight 在午夜 wake up 醒来 主语自己醒 wake sb up 唤醒 begin doing/start doing/begin to do/start to do leap out of 跳出来 如果强调某东西自动形成, 则可以用主动态, 如果强调某东西是人为的, 用被动态 When I'm getting close to the door,the door ****ed.(自动门) The door ****ed. 强调门自动开 The door was ****ed.门被打开, 强调人为的 river formed 河流是自动形成 The bus stopped 自动的 The bus was stopped 人为的 wound one's way 蜿蜒而行 flow 流淌 flow/flowed/flowed fly/flew/flown grow/grew/grown blow/blew/blown right 正好, 恰好, 强调后边的介词短语 【Letter writing】书信写作 先写最小单位 给国外的人写信是才写国名 【Composition】作文 用正确的动词和连词改写以下句子 : I am very tall(so)(but)I must be careful. Doorways are often low(and)(but)I usually(beat)(knock)my head against them. My head always(hurts)(pains). I have never(met)(recognized)a tall architect. Have you? Doorways 门栏 so/and/knock/hurts/met knock/beat knock 大声地撞 beet 持续的撞击/打 against (prep)相对作用的力 (在政治上叫 “反对” ) hurt/pain 身体的某一部位+hurts 某一部疼痛 my hand hurts. Pain 表示疼痛的名词 I have a pain. My hand hurts. I have a pain in my hand. Meet 遇见 / recognize 认出 (原来熟悉再次认出的概念) 【Special Difficulties】难点 动词加介词或副词起改变put的含义的作用 put up with 容忍 put up ①搭建②安排住宿 put out...扑灭 put on 穿上 put away 把...收好 Your room is untidy,put your things away. put off 推延 put down / write down 记下 Exercise(选用正确的带put的动词短语) 1 Mrs. Bowers told her children to ______ their toys ______ and go to bed. 2 You can stay here tonight. We can ______ you ______ in the spare room. 3 I'm not ready yet. I haven't ______ my shoes ______ . 4 ‘**** your exercise books and ______ the following, ’ the teacher said. 5 Father is ______ the fire he lit in the garden. 6 When they have ______ that new building, it will spoil the view. 7 I have ______ my trip to Japan until next month. 8 I am getting a divorce. I can't ______ him any longer. 1.put...away 2.put...up 安排住宿 3.put...on 4.put...down记下 = write down 5.putting...out 6.put up 搭建 spoil 毁坏 7.put off推延 8.put up with get a divorce 离婚 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 6 They sang songs by the campfire. They sang songs ______ the campfire. a.close b.near c.besides d.at 6.b beside 在...旁边 besides 除...之外 my closest friends close to 表示离...很近(必须要有 “to” ) close to me 离我很近 at the door; at the window; at the table 9 The boys had put out the campfire. The fire wasn't ______ . a.switched on b.on fire c.on d.alight 9.d be on 上演, 亮着的(一般指灯亮着的) What's on in the cinema today? The lights were on last night. switch n.开关 v.用开关 The light was switched on. 强调通过开关打开的 on fire 起火 : The house is on fire .房子起火了 alight : 以a开头的形容词为表语形容词 The fire was out.火熄灭了 |
§ Lesson 28 No parking 禁止停车
【New words and expressions】生词和短语 ★rare adj. 罕见的 rare animal 稀有动物 (animal [5AnimEl] n.动物) rare bird 珍稀鸟类 rare illness 疑难杂症 scarce [skeEs] adj :少有的,表示某个时间段或某个地方少有 : Watermelon is scarce in winter. scarce [skeEs] adj. 缺乏的, 不足的, 稀有的, 不充足的/ watermelon [5wC:tEmelEn] n.西瓜 rare : 指世界上都少有 coconut [5kEukEnQt] n.椰子 steak [steik] n.(供煎, 烤等的)肉, 鱼, 肉片, 鱼片, 肉排, 牛排 well done : 全熟 medium : 半生半熟的 (medium [5mi:djEm] n.媒体, 方法, 媒介 adj.中间的, 中等的, 半生熟的) rare : 几乎是生的 ★ancient adj. 古代的, 古老的 ancient Egypt 古埃及 ([5eInFEnt] [5i:dVIpt]) antique 古代的, 古玩, 古董, 古老而有价值的 : antique furniture 古董家具 ★myth n. 神话故事 fairy 神仙故事 ★effect n. 结果, 效果 have an effect 有效果 have no effect 没有效果 have effect on 对...有效果 The advice has no effect on me. ★trouble n. 麻烦 woman/man troubles 女人/男人真麻烦 child troubles 孩子真麻烦 never trouble troubles until troubles trouble you. 永远不要自寻烦恼 Let sleeping dog lie. 不要自找麻烦 (let sb do) ask for trouble He is asking for trouble. I'm sorry to put you in trouble. 我很抱歉给你带来麻烦(口语) have trouble in doing sth I have trouble (in) parking the car. I have a lot of trouble parking the car. ★Medusa n. 美杜莎(古希腊神话中3位蛇发女怪这一) ★Gorgon n. (古希腊神话中的)3位蛇发女怪这一(凡见其貌者都会变成石头) 【Text】 Lesson 28 No parking 禁止停车 First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题. What is Jasper White's problem? Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. he has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners. When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. Jasper has put up 'No Parking' signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone. But none of them has been turned to stone yet! 参考译文 贾斯珀.怀特是少有的相信古代神话的人之一. 他刚在城里买下一所新房子, 但自从搬进去后, 就和汽车及车主们发生了磨擦. 当他夜里回到家时, 总是发现有人把车停在他家大门外. 为此, 他甚至一次也没能把自己的车开进车库. 贾斯珀曾把几块 “禁止停车” 的牌子挂在大门外边, 但没有任何效果. 现在他把一个丑陋的石雕头像放在了大门上边, 这是我见过的最丑陋的头像之一. 我问他那是什么?他告诉我那是蛇发女怪美杜莎. 贾斯珀希望她把汽车和车主们都变成石头. 但到目前为止还没有一个变成石头呢! 【课文讲解】 one of 其中之一 one of the students believe in 信任; 信仰 (并不只是相信的意思,有任何时候都 “相信” 彻彻底底的相信即信任) 关系代词 : who,whom,which,that 关系代词后面要加从句 先行词是主句和从句共同有的一个词 I have a book that/which he likes.( “book” 为先行词 “that/which” 为关系代词) 关系代词有两个功能 : 一是承上, 一是启下(如上句中的 “book” 作从句的宾语) The boy is my brother. The boy is standing at the door. The boy who is standing at the door is my brother. I can do anything I can to help you. I can do anything that I can do. 我愿意做我力所能及的事情来帮助你 Jasper White is one of those rare people who believe in ancient myths. who 在这是关系词, 起承上启下的作用 believe 用在people之后应该用复数对待 who 在从句中指代的是单数, 就用单数对待, 在从句中指代的是复数就用复数对待 如果在定语从句中出现了one of作为先行词, 它后边的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词 如果在one of前面还有一修饰词 (the) only,那么后边的关系代词将指代one这个词, 才作单数看 He is the only one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. one of 直接作主语的时候, 它是做单数看待的 One of the answers is ture. One of those people is good. ever since=since have trouble doing 做...有麻烦 have trouble with sb. 和某人相处有麻烦 I have trouble with my roommate. in the morning 每天早晨 in the afternoon 每天下午 at night 每天晚上 park a car 停车 because of 由于 because 的后面加句子 because of 的后面加词或动词 “-ing” be able to 的主语一般都是人, 表示有能力去做 get his car into his garage. I drove the car into the wall. I drove the car into the tree. drive the car into 把车子撞上某地 get sth into 把...弄进 even once : 甚至一次,even 起强调 put up 张贴 put up the pictures on the wall 在墙上贴画 not any = no on 接触在上面 over 悬挂在上面 one of后面加可数名词的复数 I have ever seen 做定语从句, 修饰前边的faces 如果关系词在从句中做宾语, 关系词可以省略, 所以 I 前的which被省略 This is the most difficult thing I have ever done. This is the most terrible news I have ever heard. 有两个结构一定是最高级 1.of+范围 (of all the students) 2.in+地点 He is the tallest in the room. 3.I have ever 从句 hope 的后面加that从句 turn sth to 把前者变成后者 turn the prince to a frog (prince [prins] n.王子 frog [frC^] n.青蛙 vi.捕蛙) He was turned to a frog turn cars and their owners to stone none of,neither of做主语时做单数看待 先行词 : 放在定语从句前面, 而且是两句话共同含有的词, 还是被定语从句修饰的词 定语从句 : 句子做定语, 一般放在被修饰词后面 四个关系代词 : who;whom;which;that who 在从句当中做主语或做宾语 whom 只能在从句当中做宾语 which 指物, 即可以做主语, 又可以做宾语 that 即可以指物, 又可以指人, 即可以做主语, 又可以做宾语 【Special Difficulties】难点 whose 后面一定要加一个名词, 然后这个部分共同做主语或宾语 The boy whose sister is standing at the door is my brother. 妹妹站在门口的男孩是我弟弟 The pilot whose plane landed in a field was not hurt.把飞机降落在田里的飞行员没有受伤 land 着陆 He is the right person I am looking for. Pilot [5pailEt] n.飞行员, 领航员, 引水员 vt.驾驶(飞机等), 领航, 引水 v.驾驶 【Structure】(58页) 3. Our neighbour, _____name is Charles Alison,will sail tomorrow. (a) whose √ (b) whose his (c) his (d) of whom whose 在这儿等于his his是物主代词, whose是关系代词 关系代词可以引导定语从句, 物主代词不可以引导定语从句 做主语, 宾语的关系代词有 who, whom,which,that 只有whose做定语 5.His boat,_____is Topsail, is famouse. (a) whose the name (b) the whose name (c) of whom the name (d) the name of which √ 冠词和形容词性物主代词不能并存 不会说of sth the name 而会说the name of sth 介词后边加的是介词宾语 that不能直接出现在介词后边 whose name 也对 复习28课的语法 定语从句 关系代词可以有四个概念 : 1.代人的, 做主语或宾语who 只做宾语的whom 2.代物的, 做主语或宾语 which 3.代人的也可以代物的做主语或宾语 that 4.whose其代表的东西由其在句子中的成分决定(不一定指人) The boat whose name is... 翻译练习 : 我有一个房子, 房子的窗户都破了. I have a house whose windows are broken. 介词后不可以用that I have a book I am interested in. I have a book that I am interested in. Exersise(在需要的地方填上who, which, that或whose) 1 The only games ______ I play are football and tennis. 2 He is the only student ______ understands English well. 3 He is a writer ______ books are seldom read. 4 This is the hotel at ______ we are staying. 5 Is this the money ______ you lost? 6 That is the horse ______ won the race. 7 He is the sort of person ______ everyone admires. The only game...I play are football and tennis. 1.不填如果要填只能是that, 在从句中作宾语可省略 先行词如果用only, 序数词, 形容词最高级修饰, 其后边的关系词只用that 2.He is the only student...understand English well. that 3.He is writer...books are seldom read. whose 4.This is the hotel at...we are staying which 句中的 “at” 原来在 “staying” 的后边 This is the hotel which we are staying at. 介词后加物的话, 只加which,加人的话, 用whom, 都不可用that,who也不能 She is the gril. I stayed with her. She is the girl who/whom/that I stayed with. (句中 “who/whom/that” 可省略) She is the girl with whom I stayed. That is the house.I live in the house. That is the house in which I live. 5.Is this the money...you lost? 不填 6.That is the horse...won the race. 从句中少主语: which 选which , 不能用that 句子中用词避免重复, 句首已有了一个 “that” , 故选 “which” 而不是 “that” 谁是那个正在帮助你的人? Who is the man that is helping you? 不用 “who” , 避免重复 7. He is the sort of person...everyone admires.他就是每个人都很羡慕的那种人 person 是先行词, 在从句中做宾语 不填 admire [Ed5maiE] v.赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕 总结 : 在做翻译或阅读时, 先找句子的主干, 剩下的是各修饰成分 考定语从句时, 备选答案更加难以选出, 要仔细分辨, 再复习一下这七道题 【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题 6.It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I've never seen ______ a.an ugly one b.an ugliest one c.the ugliest one d.an uglier one 这是我所见过的最干净的街道了. This is the cleanest street I have ever seen. 答案 : D 此句是用比较级来表达最高级的概念 better than anything else 最好 The teacher is the tallest in the room. The teacher is taller than anyone else in the room. I have never seen a taller one. I have never bought a more expensive one. 7 ______ of them has been turned to stone. a.No one b.Not one c.No d.Even one 课文中为 none of No 是形容词, 后加名词 no one =nobody (“nobody” 指的是人, 它将 “cars” 排除了是不对的) 不定代词后不用of 可以用的有 : neither of/none of/both of/all of none of =not one of 9 He is a rare person. You ______ meet such people. a.often b.never c.seldom d.sometimes 9. C rarely=seldom 几乎不 rarely [5reElI] adv.很少地, 罕有地 / seldom [5seldEm] adv.很少, 不常 10 Not all car owners are good ______ . a.guides b.conductors c.leaders d.drivers 选 D. not all 不是所有的 Not all students are good. Not all children are naughty. 部分否定概念 12 The signs haven't had any effect. They haven't ______ anyone. a.affected b.effected c.resulted in d.imposed 12. A have effect 有效果 影响 effect .n. affect .v. 【Composition】作文 My wife (drives) (leads) a car. She has (driven) (ridden) a car for many years (and) (but) she says that women drivers (do not deserve) (are not worth) their bad reputation. Yet, on the road, she often (criticizes) (judges) other women drivers. drives/driven/and/do not deserve/criticizes reputation [7repju(:)5teiFEn] n.名誉, 名声 judge [dVQdV] n.法官, 审判员, 裁判员, 鉴赏家, 鉴定人, (J-)最高的审判者 vt.审理, 鉴定, 判断, 判决, 断定, 认为 vi.下判断, 作评价 |
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